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Image Uploads
The CarrierWave and Cloudinary gems provide us with an easy way to allow image uploads through forms.
In your Gemfile, include
gem "carrierwave"
gem "cloudinary"
and then
bundle install.In the file
config/environment.rb, add this line to the end:require "carrierwave/orm/activerecord"
You need to have a column of type "string" in whichever table that you want to attach a file upload to. This column will, ultimately, store the URL of the uploaded file after CarrierWave hosts it.
If you already included the column when you generated your resource, great. Skip to the next step.
If not, you have to add it. For example, here we add a column called "avatar" to users, which we plan to store an image in:
rails generate migration add_avatar_to_users avatar:string
rails db:migrate
In your case, it may be song, transcript, image, etc.
From the command line:
rails generate uploader Avatar
In your case, change "Avatar" to match whatever you are trying to upload / the column you added to the table: Song, Transcript, Image, etc.
Restart your
rails server.In the relevant model,
# app/models/user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
mount_uploader :avatar, AvatarUploader
end
Again, customize to match your use case.
:avatar should be the column you created, and AvatarUploader should be whatever you generated.We need an
<input type="file"> in our form to handle the upload. If you already have a type="text" input, change it; or if you don't, add a new one:<input type="file" id="avatar" name="avatar" class="form-control">
If you are customizing a Devise form, it would instead look like<%= f.file_field :avatar, :class => "form-control" %>.
We also need to change the
<form> tag itself to allow files to be uploaded by adding the enctype="multipart/form-data" attribute: <form action="/create_user" method="post" class="form-horizontal" enctype="multipart/form-data">
If you are customizing a Devise form, it would instead look like<%= form_for(resource, as: resource_name, url: registration_path(resource_name), :html => { :multipart => true }) do |f| %>.
In your create/update actions, assign the new file upload just like any other form parameter:
@user.avatar = params.fetch(:avatar)
If you are customizing a Devise form, you'll have to instead allow this additional parameter through security.
That should be it!
CarrierWave will, by default, process the upload and then store it in your
public folder, so that you can use it just like any other URL on the internet.For example, we could now do
<img src="<%= user.avatar %>" class="img-responsive">
CarrierWave works fine locally at this point, but it's going to break if you try to host your project live on Heroku. That's because Heroku won't let you permanently write to the public folder of a live application. You'll need to find a hosting service, like Amazon AWS to host any uploaded files. Fortunately, Cloudinary makes it easy to host uploaded images and they have a generous free tier.
To integrate Cloudinary, first adjust your ImageUploader file so it looks like:
class ImageUploader < CarrierWave::Uploader::Base
include Cloudinary::CarrierWave
end
Most importantly, make sure you remove the line that says:
storage :file
Next, you'll need to sign up for an account and get your API info. You can find your cloud name, by going to Settings and clicking the Account tab. You can find your API key and secret by going to Settings and clicking the Security tab.
For security, it's best to store your keys in environment variables. Read more on the how and why this is important in the guide on storing your credientials sercurely. In short, if you're using
dotenv, you can create a file called .env in the root folder of your app. Then add the following content to the .env file, replacing your information as needed:CLOUDINARY_CLOUD_NAME="replace me with your cloud name"
CLOUDINARY_API_KEY="replace me with your api key"
CLOUDINARY_API_SECRET="replace me with your api secret"
After pushing to Heroku, you'll need to manually add these environment variables in the Settings tab of your application.
Finally, create an initializer file called
cloudinary.rb in config/initializers and add the following content:Cloudinary.config do |config|
config.cloud_name = ENV["CLOUDINARY_CLOUD_NAME"]
config.api_key = ENV["CLOUDINARY_API_KEY"]
config.api_secret = ENV["CLOUDINARY_API_SECRET"]
config.cdn_subdomain = true
end
Last modified 4yr ago